It requires public policies that are fair

What is the Commissioner for equal opportunities

The President of the Republic is deeply concerned by the situation of young people, including of course in the districts. He wanted to give a new impetus to all what was undertaken until now. Proposals for substantive, structural, should be adopted to promote the integration of young people in education and facilitate their access to the world of work. The President asked me to advance diversity in the media and public life by strengthening the instruments for combating discrimination and diversity measures. He wants to take a new step in the fight against discrimination and for equality. It is a real political inflection.

How do you assess the risk of social explosion

The economic crisis will have a significant impact on the social situation. Tensions are. As the President of the Republic, I think that must be addressed without delay to the roots of social crisis and its structural causes, which are both discrimination and unequal access to training and employment.

The crisis is a huge developer of the fragility of our society. The youth of our country undergo degradation of the use of head-on and are affected by a greater precariousness. The poor are the most vulnerable to the crisis and you well imagine that this fragility is even greater in the districts. There were twelve months increased by 57 of jobseekers among young people of neighborhoods and 104 among young graduates, according to figures from the employment pole.

The rapid deterioration of the labour market, urgent measures can be implemented and the Government is doing everything it can in this area. But more structural measures are also needed. Their impact will certainly not immediate, but they are essential to tomorrow, fully take advantage of the recovery.

As diversity, how analyze you the crisis coming in Guadeloupe

In Guadeloupe, there is a major social unrest linked to the economic crisis. The high cost of life, misery, unemployment creates a situation which unfortunately turns to the radicality. And, in such a context, these tensions become quickly identity. Social inequalities and the crisis are experienced as of injustice, which are in addition to other inequalities, including asymmetric relations that characterize the Caribbean society. However, in our Republic, reports and social behaviour should be treated in an egalitarian manner. The West Indies, the Republic is not enough present to apply its principles. Probably should be more labour inspectors, the competition authority played its role there. It is also that enterprises recruit their employees locally. The State cannot be held responsible to him all alone of the situation, but we are on the territory of the Republic and the same principles should apply here and there. The West Indians are very attached to Republican principles. They do not require to be separated from the Republic, on the contrary, they are asking for more of Republic, the dignity and the same equality.

Can what parallel be done with the situation in metropolitan France

Need more Republic where it is most needed. It is a social shock. It requires public policies that are fair. The President of the Republic does not say something else: the dignity and equality must go hand in hand. If people are discriminated against, admittedly. The deny, or refuse to quantify, is an injustice and a fault. Combat the inequalities resulting from discrimination, it is just and it is the heart of the identity of our country. This requirement is all the more important that the context of crisis can conjure old reflexes such as the search for scapegoats. It has never been as necessary to reaffirm the inclusive role of the Republic.

What are the instruments to do this

Public policy conducted according to social and territorial criteria for housing, school, training and employment with more still equity and diversity. To achieve this objective and to the evidence of discrimination, must be that evil is qualified and to the measure. The laws of 1978 and 2004 and the recent jurisprudence of the Constitutional Council and the Weil report well confirm the legality of this type of investigation as the public interest is established and that the data are collected voluntarily and anonymously. We asked a commission chaired by François Heran indicate the ways and means to achieve this. Without prejudice to the results of its work, I think that the recent proposal of Socialist elected officials suggesting the

felt membership as method of collection is a good idea. In any event, the stereotyping of this issue would be a mistake as it would that feed the hypocrisy on the reality of discrimination in our country.

Once that it has measured them, how to correct these inequalities

Some situations are specific to young people in the districts, but the issue of access to education, training and employment, all the youth of our country. On these points, the intergenerational solidarity did not work correctly. Our educational system has largely failed to bring about social mobility and to prepare young people for employment. More than 150,000 young leave every year the education system without being trained, and many courses do not correspond to the needs of our economy. The risk increases. With a terrible paradox: generational succession is not ready when departures in retirement, due to the "crash papy", know their full effect. I would add that the prosperity of our country, as a result of the quality of its workforce, may now also know a crash of skills.

What are your priorities in the field of training

To effectively combat unemployment inevitable, it rapidly reforming secondary education to make it more democratic and more open social. The urgency is upgrading short courses and technological and professional sectors to give all young people the same assets and the same prospects for social mobility. It must strengthen the device of valorisation of the experience acquired and review our criteria of merit and equal opportunities in education. Merit, is not only to master the mathematics of Bourbaki or know about the tip of the fingers "The Princess of Cleves". We also need candidates who can animate and work as a team, use the modern design tools, which have the leadership and creativity. Always for the sake of fairness, the President has set a goal of 30 of fellows in the preparatory classes. It will be reached when it will expand the pool of candidates for our prépas, which should already be saturate workforce and those of the major schools. There is a little more than 20,000 places available in engineering schools, we need 50,000 engineers here work market to 2015 to meet the needs of our economy. Engineering schools were Malthusian in terms of personnel. I take an example: there were 5,000 graduates in 1900 and 100 places available at Polytechnique, has 500,000 graduates today and 400 places available. Should be much more. It is necessary to quickly adjust the downsizing of our schools and to broaden the access roads leading there. To achieve this objective, we will probably have to adapt their entrance exam, without of course compromising the quality and the level that determines the selection process, but is certainly plurisélectif and avoiding surpondérer discriminant contents.

At the same time, we should be even more demanding as to the content of our graduate courses and raise their levels of requirement for the degree of education.

What is the model that seem you satisfactory abroad

The first United States, but also the Sweden, the United Kingdom and the Italy, who have made real efforts in the direction that I have just mentioned. In the institutions of these countries, it recruits on the basis of all the talents of the candidates, without surrendering on the quality of the training course. Same thing in Germany, where the charisma, the ability to manager founded the choice of men. It is very subjective, but it is very effective for internal promotion. These considerations are less account in France, where you look at before any initial degree online.

What would be the specific measures for young people in the districts

I believe deeply in the alternating training, which is very insufficiently developed here. This route allows to enhance the experience acquired and prepares for the world of work. One of the ways of our thinking would be to reserve a quota of 5 of the workforce in companies in the training (apprentices and professionalization contracts) for young people 16 to 24 years, so as to to close to 1 million against 400,000 today the number of young alternating annually. This would solve the problem of mass youth unemployment within a period of about five years. Must be extremely proactive device for companies who would be encouraged by a system of incentives. But I am satisfied that the companies will commit to publicize a device that they have already adopted and which may even be still greatly improved for young recipients, it is necessary to extract the exclusion and precariousness.